Bashkir (башҡорт теле) is a Turkic language, spoken in Bashkortostan, a republic in Russia.
The Bashkir alphabet is almost identical to the Russian alphabet. The differences are italicized in the list below: the Bashkir alphabet has several additional letters, and some letters that are pronounced slightly differently from their Russian counterparts. Some letters are striken through; they are included for completeness, but are not found in native Bashkir words, only Russian loanwoards.
; Аа : like English f__a__ther ; Бб : like __b__oy ; Вв : _like _w__on ; Гг : _like Russian гь, somewhat like English _g__eek ; Ғғ : guttural R, such as in French ; Дд : like __d__o ; Ҙҙ : _like _th__at ; Ее : like __ye__sterday ; Ёё : like __yo__re ; Жж : like English mea__s__ure ; Зз : like z__oo ; Ии : like mach__i__ne ; Йй : like bo__y ; : ; Ҡҡ : _like Arabic _Q__atar; a k-sound further back in the mouth ; Лл : somewhat like English l__ike ; Мм : like see__m ; Нн : like n__et ; Ңң : like si__ng ; Оо : like sc__o__re ; Өө : German ö; е pronounced with the upper lip rounded back ; Пп : like s__p__igot ; Рр : heavily rolled as in Spanish rr in pe__rr__o ; Сс : like __s__ailor ; Ҫҫ : _like _th__ink ; Тт : like t__attoo ; Уу : like cart__oo__n ; Үү : French or German y, ü; и pronounced with the upper lip rounded back ; : ; Хх : a guttural sound, moreso than the Russian, as in German Ba__ch ; Һһ : _like _h__elp ; : ; : ; Шш : _like English _sh__ot ; Щщ : The same as ш ; Ыы : somewhat like a curt g__u__t ; Ээ : like the letter е above ; Әә : _like _a__pple ; Юю : like __Yu__goslavia ; Яя : _like _ya__cht, with the а pronunciation given above
Notice that some of these differences (А, Ж, and Ш) are closer to some sounds in English than the corresponding sounds in Russian, and so should be easier to pronounce.
Common signs
; OPEN : asYIk (a like Russian a, yi like Russian ы, k like in Arabic) ; CLOSED : yabYIk (a like Russian a, yi like Russian ы, k like in Arabic) ; ENTRANCE : ; EXIT : ; PUSH : etAr (e like in pen, a like in man) ; PULL : ; TOILET : bathrAf (a like in man, th like in that) ; MEN : ; WOMEN : ; FORBIDDEN :
; Hello.:Сәләм. ( Säläm.) ; Hello. (informal) : . ('salAm' 'a like in man') ; How are you? :Бәләкәс нисек? (Bäläkäs nisek?) ; Fine, thank you. :Яҡшы, рәхмәт. (Yaqşı, räxmät.) ; What is your name? :Һеҙҙең исемегеҙ нисек? (Heźźeñ isemegeź nisek?) ; My name is ______ . :Минең исемем ______ . (_ Mineñ isemem ______ ._ ) ; Nice to meet you. :Һәйбәт таныштырҙы. (_ Häybät tanıştırźı.) ; Please. :Зинһар. ( Zinhar.) ; Thank you. :Рәхмәт. ( Räxmät.) ; You're welcome. :Зинһар. (Zinhar.) ; Yes. :D. ( Д.) ; No. :Юҡ ( Yuq.) ; Excuse me. (getting attention) : . () ; Excuse me. (begging pardon) : . () ; I'm sorry. : . () ; Goodbye : . () ; Goodbye (informal) : . (__) ; I can't speak Bashkir [well]. : [ ]. ([ ]) ; Do you speak English? : ? (?) ; Is there someone here who speaks English? : ? (?) ; Help! : ! (!) ; Look out! : ! (!) ; Good morning. : . () ; Good evening. : . () ; Good night. : . () ; Good night (to sleep) : . () ; I don't understand. : . (__) ; Where is the toilet? : ? (?_)
; Leave me alone. : . (.) ; Don't touch me! : ! (!) ; I'll call the police. : . (.) ; Police! : ! (!) ; Stop! Thief! : ! ! (! !) ; I need your help. : . (.) ; It's an emergency. : . (.) ; I'm lost. : . (.) ; I lost my bag. : . (.) ; I lost my wallet. : . (.) ; I'm sick. : . (.) ; I've been injured. : . (.) ; I need a doctor. : . (.) ; Can I use your phone? : ? (?)
; 1 : ('ber' 'e like in pen') ; 2 : ('ikE' 'E like in pen') ; 3 : () ; 4 : ('durt') ; 5 : ('bish') ; 6 : () ; 7 : ('ete' 'yetE') ; 8 : ('higEth' 'th like in that') ; 9 : () ; 10 : () ; 11 : () ; 12 : () ; 13 : () ; 14 : () ; 15 : () ; 16 : () ; 17 : () ; 18 : () ; 19 : () ; 20 : () ; 21 : () ; 22 : () ; 23 : () ; 30 : () ; 40 : () ; 50 : () ; 60 : () ; 70 : () ; 80 : () ; 90 : () ; 100 : () ; 200 : () ; 300 : () ; 1,000 : () ; 2,000 : () ; 1,000,000 : () ; 1,000,000,000 : () ; 1,000,000,000,000 : () ; number _____ (train, bus, etc.) : () ; half : () ; less : () ; more : ()
; now : () ; later : () ; before : () ; morning : () ; afternoon : () ; evening : () ; night : (__)
; one o'clock AM : () ; two o'clock AM : () ; noon : () ; one o'clock PM : () ; two o'clock PM : () ; midnight : ()
; _____ minute(s) : () ; _____ hour(s) : () ; _____ day(s) : () ; _____ week(s) : () ; _____ month(s) : () ; _____ year(s) : ()
; today : () ; yesterday : () ; tomorrow : () ; this week : () ; last week : () ; next week : ()
; Sunday : () ; Monday : () ; Tuesday : () ; Wednesday : () ; Thursday : () ; Friday : () ; Saturday : (__)
; January : () ; February : () ; March : () ; April : () ; May : () ; June : () ; July : () ; August : () ; September : () ; October : () ; November : () ; December : ()
; black :ҡара (kah-RAH) ; white : аҡ (ah-KH) ; gray : һоро (hoh-ORO) ; red : ҡыҙыл (quh-DHUHL) ; blue : күк (kh-OOKH) ; yellow : һары (_hah-RUH _) ; green :йәшел (yae-SHEL) ; orange : ҡыҙғылт һары (quh-DHEGH-uhlt-HAH-ruh) ; purple : зәңгәр күк (zaeng-GAER-k-OOK) ; pink : алһыу (ahl-HUH) ; brown : көрән (koe-RAEN)
; How much is a ticket to ___? : () ; One ticket to _, please. : () ; Where does this train/bus go? : () ; Where is the train/bus to ___? : () ; Does this train/bus stop in _? : () ; When does the train/bus for _____ leave? : () ; When will this train/bus arrive in ___? : ()
; How do I get to _____ ? : () ; ...the train station? : () ; ...the bus station? : () ; ...the airport? : () ; ...downtown? : () ; ...the youth hostel? : () ; ...the _____ hotel? : () ; ...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate? : () ; Where are there a lot of... : () ; ...hotels? : () ; ...restaurants? : () ; ...bars? : () ; ...sites to see? : () ; Can you show me on the map? : () ; street : () ; Turn left. : () ; Turn right. : () ; left : () ; right : () ; straight ahead : () ; towards the _____ : () ; past the _____ : () ; before the _____ : () ; Watch for the _. : () ; intersection : () ; north : () ; south : () ; east : () ; west : () ; uphill : () ; downhill : (__)
; Taxi! : (__) ; Take me to ___, please. : () ; How much does it cost to get to _? : () ; Take me there, please. : ()
; Do you have any rooms available? : () ; How much is a room for one person/two people? : () ; Does the room come with... : () ; ...bedsheets? : () ; ...a bathroom? : () ; ...a telephone? : () ; ...a TV? : () ; May I see the room first? : () ; Do you have anything quieter? : () ; ...bigger? : () ; ...cleaner? : () ; ...cheaper? : () ; OK, I'll take it. : () ; I will stay for _____ night(s). : () ; Can you suggest another hotel? : () ; Do you have a safe? : () ; ...lockers? : () ; Is breakfast/supper included? : () ; What time is breakfast/supper? : () ; Please clean my room. : () ; Can you wake me at _? : () ; I want to check out. : ()
; Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars? : () ; Do you accept British pounds? : () ; Do you accept euros? : () ; Do you accept credit cards? : () ; Can you change money for me? : () ; Where can I get money changed? : () ; Can you change a traveler's check for me? : () ; Where can I get a traveler's check changed? : () ; What is the exchange rate? : () ; Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)? : ()
; A table for one person/two people, please. : () ; Can I look at the menu, please? : () ; Can I look in the kitchen? : () ; Is there a house specialty? : () ; Is there a local specialty? : () ; I'm a vegetarian. : () ; I don't eat pork. : () ; I don't eat beef. : () ; I only eat kosher food. : () ; Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard) : () ; fixed-price meal : () ; a la carte : () ; breakfast : () ; lunch : () ; tea (meal) : () ; supper : () ; I want _. : () ; I want a dish containing _. : () ; chicken : () ; beef : () ; fish : () ; ham : () ; sausage : () ; cheese : () ; eggs : () ; salad : () ; (fresh) vegetables : () ; (fresh) fruit : () ; bread : () ; toast : () ; noodles : () ; rice : () ; beans : () ; May I have a glass of _? : () ; May I have a cup of _? : () ; May I have a bottle of _? : () ; coffee : () ; tea (drink) : () ; juice : () ; (bubbly) water : () ; (still) water : () ; beer : () ; red/white wine : () ; May I have some _? : () ; salt : () ; black pepper : () ; butter : () ; Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server): () ; I'm finished. : () ; It was delicious. : () ; Please clear the plates. : () ; The check, please. : ()
; Do you serve alcohol? : () ; Is there table service? : () ; A beer/two beers, please. : () ; A glass of red/white wine, please. : () ; A pint, please. : () ; A bottle, please. : () ; _____ (hard liquor) and _____ (mixer), please. : () ; whiskey : () ; vodka : () ; rum : () ; water : () ; club soda : () ; tonic water : () ; orange juice : () ; Coke (soda) : () ; Do you have any bar snacks? : () ; One more, please. : () ; Another round, please. : () ; When is closing time? : () ; Cheers! : ()
; Do you have this in my size? : () ; How much is this? : () ; That's too expensive. : () ; Would you take _? : () ; expensive : () ; cheap : () ; I can't afford it. : () ; I don't want it. : () ; You're cheating me. : () ; I'm not interested. : (..) ; OK, I'll take it. : () ; Can I have a bag? : () ; Do you ship (overseas)? : () ; I need... : () ; ...toothpaste. : () ; ...a toothbrush. : () ; ...tampons. : . () ; ...soap. : () ; ...shampoo. : () ; ...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen) : () ; ...cold medicine. : () ; ...stomach medicine. : ... () ; ...a razor. : () ; ...an umbrella. : () ; ...sunblock lotion. : () ; ...a postcard. : () ; ...postage stamps. : () ; ...batteries. : () ; ...writing paper. : () ; ...a pen. : () ; ...English-language books. : () ; ...English-language magazines. : () ; ...an English-language newspaper. : () ; ...an English-English dictionary. : (__)
; I want to rent a car. : () ; Can I get insurance? : () ; stop (on a street sign) : () ; one way : () ; yield : () ; no parking : () ; speed limit : () ; gas (petrol) station : () ; petrol : () ; diesel : ()
; I haven't done anything wrong. : () ; It was a misunderstanding. : () ; Where are you taking me? : () ; Am I under arrest? : () ; I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. : () ; I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy/consulate. : () ; I want to talk to a lawyer. : () ; Can I just pay a fine now? : ()