Central Mongolia is a region in Mongolia that contains the capital of modern Mongolia, the ruins of capital of the Mongol Empire, and the Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape.
The Orkhon Valley, west of Ulaanbaatar, along the Orkhon River in the Övörkhangai and Arkhangai Provinces, was the center of the Mongol Empire, the center of the Uighur Empire, and the birthplace of Mongolian Buddhism. Today, the cultural heritage of the valley constitutes a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Central Mongolia and specifically Ulaanbaatar is the first place that most visitors see upon entering Mongolia, so see 'Get into' Mongolia section to see all you need to know about flying or taking the train to Ulaanbaatar. If you entered through another part of Mongolia or plan to get off the train before reaching UB, getting here is very simple. All domestic travel (by plane, train, bus, van, etc) is usually headed to or from Ulaanbaatar. In fact it can be more difficult to find transport 100 km to a neighboring provincial capital than 1,500 km to UB.
There are no domestic flights from Ulaanbaatar to anywhere within the central region, even though some places can take several hours to reach by bus or car. Luckily, most of the larger towns and cities in this region are connected by paved roads and have daily or even hourly bus service from either the Dragon Center Bus Station (serving western and northern parts of Mongolia) or the Bayanzurkh Bus Station (serving eastern and some southern parts of Mongolia). The stations are both located on Peace Avenue on either side of the city. Look on the specific city's page for exact travel times and bus stations. Many smaller towns in the central region are also served by the Trans-Mongolian Railway.
Related Wikipedia article: Arkhangai Province
Related Wikipedia article: Övörkhangai Province
Related Wikipedia article: Töv Province