La Union, also known as L.U. in short, is a province in the Ilocos region of the Philippines.
La Union is a relatively new province, having been formed in 1850 from the southernmost towns of Ilocos Sur, westernmost towns of Benguet, and the northernmost towns of Pangasinan. True to its name, meaning “the Union” in Spanish, the region is a melting pot of Pangasinan, Ilocano and Cordilleran (Igorot) cultures. Since the early 2000s, L.U. (as the province is called informally) has a growing tourism industry centered on the coastal towns facing the South China Sea (West Philippine Sea).
Despite the majority of the province being formed out of parts of Pangasinan, Ilocanos now form the majority of the population. The province is also the first in the Philippines to declare a regional language as co-official with English and Filipino (Tagalog), having declared Ilocano as an official language in the province since 2012.
Native languages spoken in La Union are Ilocano, Pangasinan and the indigenous languages of the Igorot. Ilocano is the most spoken, and is also co-official with English and Tagalog as the official languages in the province.
With the end of rail service in the 1980s, the only main way of reaching La Union is by bus or car. There is one airport at San Fernando, but has no commercial passenger service.
Buses are available from Manila, Baguio, Dagupan, Vigan and Laoag, running up to San Fernando. Premium express buses are also available from the new bus station at Bocaue, Bulacan.
With the completion of the Tarlac-Pangasinan-La Union Expressway (TPLEX) in 2020, travel times to La Union has been reduced to about 4-5 hours.
From the Cordilleras, the primary routes are Naguilian Rd (Rte 54) and the Jose S. Aspiras Hwy (Rte 208, formerly but still often called Marcos Highway), both radiating from Baguio. Both routes are winding mountain roads and are quite dangerous.
Within Ilocos region, the primary road links are Manila North Rd (Rte 2) and Pangasinan-La Union Rd (Rte 55).
Primary administrative division