Sana'a - capital city of Yemen

Travel to Sana'a is strongly discouraged due to civil unrest and general lawlessness. Yemen is in the middle of a civil war. Check official travel warnings before considering travel to Sana'a. The UK and US embassies have been closed since 2015.

Sana'a is the capital of Yemen, located in the Yemeni Mountains and generally the first destination for travellers to that country. See the Stay Safe section of this article and the Yemen country page for important safety advice.

Understand

One of the oldest continuously-inhabited cities in the world (others being Jericho, Damascus and Aleppo), Sana'a is traditionally said to have been founded by Shem, the son of Noah. As a result, the city has the unlikely nickname of "Sam City".

Sana'a will start surprising you the moment you arrive at the airport. All the policemen and the civilians wear jambiya, the unique Yemeni dagger. Even small children wear little daggers. Many people have swollen cheeks because of chewing qat leaves. Outside the airport, all buildings look the same because of uniformly painted windows and walls.

Climate

The city experiences a mild desert climate, with much more moderate temperatures than other Arabian Peninsula cities due to its high elevation.

Get in

By plane

Sana'a International Airport is the city's international airport. As of October 2021, there is no way to enter Sana'a via commercial flight as all activities are suspended as a result of the civil war.

By bus

Yemen has a few bus companies. Sana'a is connected by all major cities (Aden, Ta'izz, Marib, Sayun, etc.) via bus. Perhaps the best bus company in Yemen is the new-ish Raha (established in 2008). Raha buses are in good condition and fares are reasonable. The buses are still new. Note a travel permit (tasirih in Arabic) needs to be obtained from the Ministry of Tourism before embarking on over-land adventures. Each town has a military checkpoint that will ask for a travel permit and will likely refuse people entry if they have forgotten to get one. Travel permits are issued free of charge. When applying, visitors should bring their passport, a list of places they are going to visit, and the time period for travel. Visitors should have photocopies of their travel permit as each checkpoint may ask for a copy, and they should also have copies of the biographical information page (that contains their photo) of their passport handy. Often foreign passengers give a pile of travel permit copies to the bus driver so that he can provide them to officials at checkpoints. Visitors should let the bus driver or military personnel know of their nationality as they need to know. Note that there are also many traffic police checkpoints. They are not interested in your permit; only those with green uniforms and big guns are.

Get around

Sana'a is a big city which, in common with many other developing-world capitals, is spreading in all directions at once. Visitors will almost certainly have to use taxis or hired cars to get around, as the street maps often leave much to be desired.

There are many "Dabaabs" or mini vans that go on different routes around the city. They serve as public buses and are quite cheap. They have fixed routes and cost 15-30 riyals/ride.

Taxis to the airport from the centre should cost 1000 rials (August 2008). Be prepared to bargain with your taxi driver for a reasonable fare. Usually fares can be reduced by a third of the price after a bit of haggling.

Cars are used a lot but they are mostly 4x4s or pick up trucks. Drivers tend to use the horn excessively which is normal in this beautiful congested city.

See

The Old City of Sana'a is World Heritage List and makes a great place to see the uniquely Yemeni style of architecture - multiple-storey tower houses with the distinctive qamariya windows. Within the Old City is the Souk al-Milh, arguably the best souk (marketplace) in the Arabian Peninsula.

• Bab al-Yaman, 15.351228°, 44.215898°. One of the city's most important landmarks, it is the gate leading into the Old City, which is surrounded by ancient walls. The souk and many excellent restaurants are located nearby.
• National Museum of Yemen, 15.355906°, 44.206086°. 09:00-12:00. The museum is located in a former palace that was restored and converted into a museum. Here you can learn about the nation's history and culture. Most exhibits include English descriptions along with Arabic. YR500 2020-05-13
• Military Museum, 15.353056°, 44.204722°. morning from 09:00-13:30, afternoon from 15:00-20:00. Displays artifacts related to the Yemeni military. Explanations are all in Arabic; however, there is a part outside where they have English explanations about some of the more modern artifacts. YR200 2020-05-13
• Wadi Dhahr, 15.033333°, 43.583333°. A valley a few kilometres outside of Sana'a with green fields, villages, and the face Rock Palace of an Imam of Yemen. 2020-05-13
• Great Mosque of Sana'a (الجامع الكبير بصنعاء,Al-Jāmiʿ al-Kabīr bi-Ṣanʿāʾ), 15.353089°, 44.214928°. One of the oldest mosques in the world. The oldest known written copy of the Quran was found here.
• Al Saleh Mosque (جامع الرئيس الصالح), 15.3258°, 44.2077°. Located near the heavily-guarded Presidential Palace, it is one of the largest mosques in the world.

Do

Sana'a is a great place for people-watching and culture observing. The unhurried pace of Yemeni life, coupled with the almost total lack of industrialisation seen in nearby countries, means that it's quite possible to sit in a coffee shop and watch the world go by for hours on end.

If you want an experience you can only get in Yemen (and are prepared to risk your health): participate in a qat session. Qat (khat) is a mild narcotic chewed by most males in Yemen. They spend their afternoons hanging out, chewing the leaf, and conversing. A bag will cost no more than 5 US dollars, and you can get "inferior" product for less. Side effects are lack of appetite and insomnia. Qat is considered by many as the prime cause of Yemen ranking as the poorest country in the Middle East. Note that Qat is a controlled substance in many other countries, and those trying to bring it into such countries risk arrest.

Learn

Yemen is an excellent place to study Arabic for several reasons: 1. Languages other than Arabic are much less commonly spoken than they are in nearby countries; 2. The low cost of living; and 3. There are several excellent Arabic language institutes that offer both group and private courses with flexible schedules and reasonable prices.

The Yemen College of Middle Eastern Studies (YCMES) offers courses in Arabic language as well as academic seminars in English language about the contemporary Middle East. With over 20 years of experience, YCMES is the first and only accredited programme n Yemen (i.e. students can transfer credit to their home universities). Regular tuition packages include accommodation, meals, excursions, cultural activities, wireless internet, library, etc. The YCMES can also help with international and domestic travel arrangements.

Other options are Sana'a Institute of the Arabic Language (SIAL), the Center for Arabic Language Studies (CALES) (dead link: December 2020), and Saba Institute for the Arabic Language (dead link: December 2020), all of which are located in the Old City.

Additionally, Yemen Institute for Arabic Language (YIAL) a teacher owned institute that offers similar courses outside the Old City, although it also has very good accommodations in the Old City and in the institute itself. YIAL primarily offers private courses. YIAL also organises activities and trips.

Work

Unless you have work lined up as an expat, work in Sana'a (and elsewhere in Yemen) will be very hard to come by. The majority of the locals sitting by the road will be waiting to be hired as manual labourers or domestic staff, in the latter role competing with guest workers from across the Red Sea. Those with good abilities in Arabic may be able to find work teaching English, however this will be informal and exceptionally temporary work. Schools such as AMIDEAST, MALI, and YALI hire English teachers, but you will likely need a bachelor's degree and some sort of teaching certification.

Buy

Almost everywhere you look, you will have the chance to buy the curved dagger (jambiya) worn by local men. This purchase can be simply of the dagger and its accompanying sheath, however handmade belts and silver pouches are also for sale, with many tourists opting to purchase each item separately. When purchasing a jambiya, remember first and foremost that it counts as a weapon for customs purposes, even though it is not used as one anymore. Secondly, the sheath is predominantly leather with either a base metal or (in more expensive models) silver decoration. Traditionally, handles were made of animal horn or ivory. It is doubtful that the handles sold today as being made from either of these products are genuine, and so a wooden or amber handle may be a better option. If a real jambiya costs too much, there are also pendants and brooches commonly available in the shape of the knife and its sheath.

Necklaces and jewellery are also common souvenirs, and many of these will be made of the semi-precious stones the souvenir sellers claim. Nevertheless, a healthy grain of salt should be added to any belief that one is actually purchasing a necklace of lapis lazuli or anything like that.

Bargaining is expected and worthwhile. If you are with local guides, a common approach is to have them ask for the "Yemeni price", however any bargaining on the part of the tourist will result in discounts. Bear in mind that what may seem an absurdly cheap price for an item in Western terms will still be a great return for many locals.

Yemen's currency, the rial (riyal), is subject to high inflation. As a result, many prices (particularly those quoted to white-skinned visitors) will be given in US dollars or euros. Any of these three currencies will be accepted by the seller, so ask for the price in whichever currency is preferred.

Eat

Visitors should be careful when eating from street stands as the same warning which applies to tap water applies to poorly-prepared food. Salta is a popular Yemeni lunch dish that is served very hot.

Budget

Nearly all Yemeni food is budget. An average meal at a Sana'a restaurant will cost less than US$2. Chicken is ubiquitous. A tuna steak served with rice costs 150-200 riyals.

• Al Shamiri Plaza hotel (next to Central Bank of Yemen on Ali Abdull Mugni St.) has a rooftop restaurant on 8th floor which offers great views over old and new part of Sanaa. Menu is also in English and prices are reasonable.

Mid-range

Hadda Street is where the more "upscale" restaurants are located. Clean restaurants with a large range of food include:

• Merkato Ethiopian Food, Across from Al-Hudda grocery.
• Karmouche Pizza, Iran street.
• Al-Hamra. Popular fast food place.
• Pizza Hut, Sabeen Street.
• KFC, Hadda Road.
• Khaleej Restaurant (popular traditional place)
• Shalal Wadibana, Tahrir street.

Splurge

The five star hotels (Sheraton and Mövenpick) have decent, but pricey western food (and beer) In the Haddah neighbourhood you will find a number of more expensive restaurants such as Grill 101 (American), Deja Vu restaurant and coffee shop, Zorba's (Greek) and Mehraja (Indian).

Drink

As in the rest of the country, the tap water should be avoided at all costs. Bottled water, both chilled and at room temperature, is readily available and very cheap - as is the normal range of fruit juices and soft drinks.

Nice tea and coffee house is "Friends Kafeteria" in Al-Tahrir area, Mocka Intersection. Here you can involve yourself into interesting conversations with Yemeni men. Also food is available. It looks like this place never closes down.

Near the Shumaila Hari Supermarket you will find the Coffee Trader, a place where you can get an excellent latte or cappuccino at Starbuck's prices and eat a piece of carrot cake while checking your e-mail on their Wi-Fi hotspot.

Sleep

Good option to stay is new part of Sana'a. It's walking distance to Old part of town but hotels offer better value to money. Around Tahrir area there are about 10 hotels to choose, ranging from five star Taj Sheba hotel to no-star hotels. recommended are 2 Wadi Hadramout hotels. More expensive Wadi Hadramout hotel is cross the main road from Tahrir Square, other more economical is near Taj Sheba hotel at Ali Abdulmogny Street. There double room with bathroom and TV costs about 2000 rials. Staff are very helpful and friendly and some speak English.

Budget

• Arabia Felix Hotel, 15.355713°, 44.209821°. The in Old Sana'a is a cheap way to get a feel for the old city. Rooms are basic but the charm is in staying in an authentic old Yemeni town house. Breakfast and the courtyard garden are excellent. US$25 for a double room. Other hotels in the old town include the Daoud (David) and the Talha. All three hotels offer excellent views over the old town. 2020-05-13

Mid-range

• Burj Al Salam Hotel, 15.356553°, 44.213565°, +967 1 483333. In the old part of the city. Traditionally styled building with reasonable facilities. Excellent view of the city from the roof top restaurant. Wi-Fi. It can be noisy because it is next to two mosques. 2020-05-13
• Mercure Sanaa Al Saeed.
• Sam City Hotel, al-mamoon@y.net.ye. Staff make an effort to look after you and a great deal. USD25-35
• Sheba Hotel, Ali Abdolmoghni St, +967 1 272 372. Pool and restaurant.

Splurge

• Mövenpick Hotel Sanaa, Berlin St, 15.36250°, 44.23237°, +967 154 66 66, hotel.sanaa@moevenpick.com. Large hotel with pool outside the city centre. Great view and probably one of the safest hotels in Sanaa. 2020-05-13
• Hilton Hotel
• Plaza Hotel

Connect

Stay safe

Visitors should take care particularly in the Old City as the streets are poorly signposted and the unwary may find themselves in someone's courtyard.

Maps of Yemen tend to have details of the city, but (as with road maps in the country) they are unreliable. If at all possible, visitors should use a local guide.

Gun carrying is normal as many men hold or have a gun for traditional reasons. One should not be alarmed at the sight of a gun, even a Kalashnikov.

Cope

Embassies

• 🇬🇷 Greece, Wadi Dahr Road, P.O. Box: 13590, +967 1 372 490, ar-plastik@yemen.net.ye.

The United States embassy has suspended consular services; contact the embassy in Cairo instead. The United Kingdom embassy has also suspended its services.

Go next

• The awe-inspiring Dar Al-Hajr (often known as the Rock Palace) is located in Wadi Dahr roughly 30 minutes from the city centre and makes a very easy afternoon's excursion. You will be able to take one of the local taxis.
• A full day excursion can take you to Thulla, Kawkaban and Shibam (not the Hadramout version but the Amran version) which is approximately 55 km from the outskirts of Sana'a. It is possible to stay overnight in Kawkaban, although there are only two hotels (more like full-board guest-houses as there are no restaurants). Accommodation and meals cost about €7.