The volcano began erupting in January 2020, a VEI 4 event. The alert level, on 5-point scale, was at 4 for a few weeks and several towns were evacuated. From March 2020 to mid-2022 it was mostly at 2, occasionally 3. Eventually it went down to 1, and it remains there as of early 2023, but there are still fumes and earth tremors so it seems unlikely to go to zero anytime soon.
Visiting the volcano island has been forbidden since the eruption.
There are warnings about "vog", volcanic smog, which is highly acidic and can cause serious irritation of the eyes, throat and respiratory tract. The volcano is still (Oct 2022) releasing several tons a day of sulphur dioxide, so this is a serious threat.
Taal Volcano is a complex stratovolcano in the province of Batangas, Philippines, on an island in Taal Lake. It is one of the provincial symbols of Batangas, appearing on the new provincial seal and flag.
The nearest moderately large town, and the usual base for trips to the volcano, is Tagaytay in Cavite province. Talisay, within the park boundaries, is the nearest town on the Batangas side; the boats on the package tours depart from there, and it's possible to get there without going to Tagaytay.
The scenic historic town of Taal is covered in a separate article; it was built some distance away after a volcanic eruption wiped out an older town in 1755.
The Taal Volcano Natural Park, officially the Taal Volcano Protected Landscape (TVPL), includes the volcano, the lake, and surrounding territory to about a 20 km radius. It includes some towns and cities:
Tagaytay in Cavite province is the usual base for trips to the volcano, but our guide only covers the park area within Batangas province and the two towns where the boats depart, Talisay and Laurel, which are too small to have their own guides.
Taal Volcano is sometimes described as the world's smallest volcano, or as "a lake within a volcano within a lake". It is an active volcano, with 34 recorded eruptions since 1572. It is the second most active volcano in the Philippines, after Mount Mayon, and is the country's only Decade Volcano, one of a group that scientists consider particularly dangerous because they are both quite active and quite close to cities.
Taal Volcano is part of a chain of volcanoes that have existed since prehistoric times, resulting from the subduction of the Eurasian Plate and Pacific Plate. The lake is formed by the calderas of several other volcanoes, none of which have erupted for several thousand years. The last eruption of one of them was a VEI 6 event in 3580 BCE.
Trips to the volcano usually start from Tagaytay, a highland city in Cavite with other picturesque landscapes nearby. In the satellite image, it is in the mountainous area north of the lake. Package tours to Taal Volcano are available from the city.
Taal Volcano's most destructive eruptions occurred in 1755 and 1910.
The 1755 eruption destroyed the original downtown of Taal, now part of the little town of San Nicolas, as well as the original town center of Lipa, now part of the town of Mataasnakahoy, and Tanauan, and is well recorded in an account by a Spanish priest. Ash and mud from the 1755 eruption were also carried by storms into the village of Caysasay (present-day Taal) and as far as Balayan. The eruption lasted over a month, depositing volcanic material that separated the lake from the sea and created new land where Lemery town is now, along the bay on the lower left corner of the image.
The second deadliest eruption occurred in 1910, killing over 1,300. Taal erupted again in 1965 and 1977, causing pyroclastic flows destroying lakeside villages and killing hundreds. Since those events, the volcano has continued to show signs of unrest, culminating with the 2020 eruption.
The volcano proper forms the Volcano Island, composed of seven volcanic cones and the caldera lake. Taal Lake is also a volcanic caldera, so the system is quite complex; some locals speak of underwater craters in the larger lake. Volcanic activity can be noticed through changes in Taal Lake; some fish kill incidents on the lake are blamed on volcanic activity, though overcrowded fish pens (baklad) are often the cause.
From Tagaytay, Taal Volcano, alongside Taal Lake, dominate the landscape, with the dormant cone Binintiang Malaki being the most prominent. The volcano is covered by vegetation up to the tree line at the crater lake. On the base are some villages relying on fishing in Taal Lake and agriculture in the fertile soil of Volcano Island.
Taal Lake is home to the tawilis (Sardinella tawilis), a species of sardine endemic to the lake. It is often served as a local dish in the surrounding area, but overfishing is threatening the tawilis population, so it was designated an endangered species in 2019 by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and a closed season is implemented to allow the fish to increase in number.
Taal Volcano is one of the most accessible in Luzon island, and many tourists, local and foreign, go here, usually in package tours from Tagaytay. Peak season traffic can be high, and tours can get fully booked. It is possible to just see the volcano and the lake without getting further into Volcano Island, or have a do-it-yourself tour, avoiding Tagaytay where the package tour providers are based and getting directly into the boats in Talisay or Laurel.
The nearest airport is in Manila, and the closest seaport is in Batangas City. From either, there is public transportation to the jump-off points.
Most visitors will come to Tagaytay by car, and there they will purchase the tour packages to Taal, but it's possible to get into the towns directly without dealing with the tour operators.
Talisay can be reached directly via Talisay-Tanauan Road, which can be accessed from STAR Tollway at Tanauan. From Tagaytay, Talisay-Tagaytay Road runs through jungle at the mountain slopes down to the lakeside, where it joins Talisay-Tanauan and Talisay-Laurel roads. Talisay-Tagaytay and Talisay-Tanauan roads are both numbered as Route 421, but the route number signs don't say where you should turn to Talisay town proper, so from Tagaytay, watch for signs that point to Tanauan.
There are no buses serving Talisay or Laurel. The nearest points with bus service are Tanauan to the east, and Tagaytay to the north. Tagaytay sees buses between Manila and Western Batangas, while Tanauan has frequent buses plying the Manila-Batangas corridor.
From Tanauan, there are jeepney headed for Talisay or Laurel from their terminal near the public market, but it is hard to find until you ask the barkers at the terminal.
From Tagaytay, jeepneys are infrequent, but if you can catch one, ask the driver if they head for Talisay.
Most of the jeepneys to both towns will be unfranchised (colorum) services, unfortunately, they are the only way to there without a car. Despite that, you can still find a few jeepneys which are franchised.
No trips now
Landing on the island was banned during the 2020 eruption and as of February 2022 the ban is still in force.
The city of Tagaytay nearby is used as the starting point, but some may travel directly to the boat launching point in Talisay. Another launching point can be found to the west of the volcano, in barangay Buso-Buso in Laurel town.
Access to the actual volcanic area is by boat. Boats leave anywhere from the lakeside, and competition is fierce. The prices are fixed at per boat, for up to 6 people but you can reduce it to if you bargain. Operators may tell you that you are not allowed to share with other travellers, but this is not true.
You can take a 15-min outrigger boat ride to the volcano that is within the lake. As you head from Tagaytay city toward the lake, many touts may jump in front of your vehicle offering boat rides - they take a commission. If you know where to go, however, you can catch a boat directly from the boat owners.
The text below was written before the 2020 eruption. Since that eruption, visiting the island has been forbidden.
Once on the island, the boat guides will herd you to a point where you can go horseback riding to the volcano. It takes about 30-45 minutes and is quite bumpy. The guides with the horses take you to the top which is very spectacular and you can explore the top for as long as you want.
Another option is hiking which will take 50 to 90 minutes, though the hills and terrain may put some people off.
When up at the volcano, watch out for guides trying to show groups of tourists heating tricks. These consist of getting a can of soft drink or water, cutting the can or bottle in half and watching the ground heat boil the water or liquid which is pretty cool to see, and you can boil an egg if you bring one with you!
There is also a "secret trail" leading to the crater lake.
The lake and volcano are the main attractions, but there is also some rather nice mountain scenery north of the lake around Tagatay and lesser hills to the south around Cuenca. Both areas, plus various lakeside ones, have some resorts.
Accommodations within Taal Volcano Natural Park's boundaries tend to be upmarket, so less expensive options are around cities and towns outside the park.
Talisay, the little town and surrounding area that serves as the main entry point to the volcano proper, has upmarket resorts, starting from depending on seasonal demand, and two budget options, starting from .
There is a lone homestay in Volcano Island, at the starting point of Daang Kastila:
As Volcano Island is a permanent danger zone, backcountry camping is not allowed for any reason.
Taal Volcano is an active volcano: volcano safety advice applies when visiting.
Anywhere in Batangas or Cavite is easily reached. Tourist destinations nearby include the heritage town of Taal and beach resort area Mabini.
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